FHB Logo Facebook LinkedIn Email Pinterest Twitter X Instagram Tiktok YouTube Plus Icon Close Icon Navigation Search Icon Navigation Search Icon Arrow Down Icon Video Guide Icon Article Guide Icon Modal Close Icon Guide Search Icon Skip to content
Subscribe
Log In
  • How-To
  • Design
  • Tools & Materials
  • Restoration
  • Videos
  • Blogs
  • Forum
  • Magazine
  • Members
  • FHB House
  • Podcast
Log In

Discussion Forum

Discussion Forum

What Style Roof?

| Posted in General Discussion on May 14, 2002 09:30am

Second attempt at posting photo:

As you can see, the previous owner decapitated my house by eliminating the third floor space (two bedrooms and a full bath).  We have a second-story staircase that leads to no where.

What style roof would be appropriate on this 1903 3200 sf home.  Any idea on the style of architecture. 

Where do I start: with a roofer or framer?  Is there a huge cost differential between a hip/gambrel/mansard roof when starting from scratch?

What type of questions should I be prepared to ask?

Thanks!


Edited 5/14/2002 3:26:10 PM ET by Tracy


Edited 5/14/2002 3:27:28 PM ET by Tracy

Reply
  • X
  • facebook
  • linkedin
  • pinterest
  • email
  • add to favorites Log in or Sign up to save your favorite articles

Replies

  1. FastEddie1 | May 15, 2002 12:15am | #1

    I'm more than a little curious...what happened to the old roof?  Or more correctly, what's keeping the 2nd floor dry?

    1. Chione5 | May 16, 2002 11:14pm | #5

      What the previous owners did was put roofing material over a non-existing frame.  Surprisingly, the second floor is dry, shy of two very small areas that show staining but not any substantial leaking. 

      Of course, my assumtion is that the remaining area is dry....I hope.  I imagine that there would still be a tremendous amount of work to do to restore the third floor area.  If any of you have insight into this type of project, I would appreciate your comments.

      Thank you.

      Tracy

    2. JohnSprung | May 16, 2002 11:44pm | #7

      I'm even more curious -- what happened to your local building inspectors?  Did the previous owners bury them all in the back yard?  Out here there'd be fines, citations, litigation, orders to fix it up, orders to tear it down....

      -- J.S.

      1. Chione5 | May 17, 2002 12:31am | #10

        John,

        I agree 100%.  I can't imagine that the home ever passed inspection.  My thoughts are that the 'decapitation' occurred during a time when the area was greatly depressed, though it has a tremendous amount of historical significance (area developed 3/4 mile from the 1904 St. Louis Worlds Fair grounds in 1903) 

        This is in an urban area which is now experiencing a renaissance and many potential home owners are accepting these horrid conditions because many of the homes are between 4000-8000 square feet and they can purchase them for a song ($45,000-$100,000).

        It is certainly unattractive, but we are committed to renovating/remodeling because we love the city and just a half a mile away, homes are selling for $250,000-$1.2 million...an area that also had it's own challenges, but went through a similar renaissance.

        1. tjcarcht | May 17, 2002 12:43am | #11

          It is important to remember that 'American Foursquare' is a genre and not a style.  Your house, with paired classical columns, falls into the Neoclassical Revival category of American Foursquare, to be more precise.  Thus, it would be appropriate to incorporate some classical details into the reconstruction.  You might also see if you can find some period photos to see what it looked like, or check with some of the folks that have lived nearby for some time.

          In any case, a hipped roof with four hipped dormers and some classical detail would be appropriate.  You might consider using a tripartite window in the front dormer that echoes the proportion of the center openings.  Get rid of the 'picking out' of detail (someone painted the rondels black over the columns).

          T. Jeffery Clarke

          Quidvis Recte Factum Quamvis Humile Praeclarum

          Edited 5/16/2002 5:49:19 PM ET by Jeff Clarke

          1. Chione5 | May 17, 2002 01:17am | #12

            Jeff,

            Thanks for the comments.  I now feel armed with information that gives direction to this redo.  I have never heard of the neoclassical revival/american foursquare.  This certainly gives me a new area to search.

            Let  us not even begin to detail what the previous owners did to this poor house!  If only the 'picking out' were the least of all, I would be in great shape!

            I appreciate your assistance, thanks again.

            Tracy

  2. DavidThomas | May 15, 2002 02:46am | #2

    Have I seen that house on Capital Hill in Seattle?  I used to walk my dog past one just like it.

    Price difference for the new roof?  Some, but not much.  Price difference per square foot of usable space?  Yes, because of the different amounts of headspace under different options. 

    Conversely, more living space means more flooring, doors, sheetrock, wiring, etc. and that is where more money will be spent, compared to the roof framing and sheathing.

    David Thomas   Overlooking Cook Inlet in Kenai, Alaska
    1. Chione5 | May 16, 2002 11:36pm | #6

      David,

      Funny you should mention Seattle...my favorite city in the US, but no, this is in St. Louis, MO.

      Thank you for your comments.  The first two floors are just over 1500 sf.  I assume that the same amount of space is available on the third floor...I know nothing about construction, so I figure that the floor/ceiling joist can handle the weight of a whole floor redo. 

      We would like a master bedroom suite with a sitting area,  walk-through closets, master bath and an office, whew!.  If all the space is available, I'm sure that we have enough space to acomodate those features. 

      I'm excellent at 'sourcing' materials (i.e. tile, carpet, fixtures, doors, etc.) at local discount shops around town.  I should be able to keep those types of cost down, but I don't want to skimp on craftsmanship...that's where I would prefer a skilled laborer.  But again, does a carpenter or a framer or a remodeling company do this type of work?

      Thanks,

      Tracy

  3. NPitz | May 15, 2002 01:28pm | #3

    My opinion, FWIW, the house looks like a couple different things, but mostly like an American Foursquare to me. The typical roof would be a hip roof with hip roofed dormers facing front and back. The dormers usually would be one or two windows wide.

    1. User avater
      jhausch | May 15, 2002 01:36pm | #4

      I agree, American Foursquare.

      If the roof would be to shallow (i.e, not enough headroom inside) if built to a proper proportion, you could always bring it up to a flat square at the top to steepen the pitch.

      Add a lot of filigreed brackets under the soffits and put a windowed cupola at the top of the roof and you've got a wannabe Italianate ;-)

      Another look might be a regular two gable roof (gabels facing the sides) and add two peaked dormers.

      What did happe to the roof?Steelkilt Lives!

      1. Chione5 | May 17, 2002 12:12am | #9

        Jim,

        Thanks for the comments.  I would like to go with a Hipped/Mansard roof to acomodate the headroom issue.  The house is 40x38.  If a gable roof was added, I think I would lose a tremendous amount of usable square footage.

        A neighbors house (similar in style and proportion) has a mansard roof and they have five rooms on their third floor.

        I like the Italiante wannabe look...I just may go with that.  Oh, by the way, a fire destroyed a portion of the third floor and the owners didn't want to or couldn't pay to have the roof replaced properly.

        Tracy

    2. Chione5 | May 17, 2002 12:03am | #8

      Nick,

      Thanks for your comments.  I agree that it looks like an American Four Square.  However, folks have sent me on web-searches to look at Colonial Revival, Southern Colonial, even Italianate!  All of which I see elements reflected in this home.  Most of the American Four Square homes that I have seen seem to have an "Arts and Crafts" element to them, where as my home seems to be much less ornate.

      I was told that during a certain period of American architecture, homes were built by the 'prevailing standard' much more so than a particular style.  Hence my home and possibly other homes are a hodgepodge of architecture.

      I'll seach more for American Four Square to get a better idea of where to go with this remodel...including how to redo the porch.

      Thanks,

      Tracy

  4. Don | May 20, 2002 04:10am | #13

    Tracy:  Been to St Louis many times - son lives there.  Probably seen your house.  There are a lot of really neat houses in various states of decay all over the city.  Good luck.

    If you want max liveable volume under new roof, try a gambrel - but w/ a twist .  Make it hipped on each end.  Keeps it from looking like a barn.  Also, put appropriate dormers on front.  Labor is atrocious, since it is a complicated structure.  Also makes quite a profit for G-P, or whoever you buy your lumber from.  Lots of storage space behind knee walls at break in roof.  Insulate w/ sprayed on foam on underside of roof deck.

    Don

    The GlassMasterworks - If it scratches, I etch it!
    1. Chione5 | May 20, 2002 05:29pm | #14

      Don,

      That style roof sounds exactly like the type of roof I want, I just didn't know what to call it.  Thanks for the advice.

      Edited 5/21/2002 4:58:14 PM ET by Tracy

      1. tjcarcht | May 20, 2002 06:09pm | #15

        If you hip the uppermost part of the gambrel it would be called a 'jerkinhead' gambrel.T. Jeffery Clarke

        Quidvis Recte Factum Quamvis Humile Praeclarum

        1. Chione5 | May 20, 2002 06:22pm | #16

          Jeff,

          I can't picture hipping upper part of a gambrel.  Do you know of any web-sites that may show an example? 

          I thought the previous writer was suggesting hipping the gable/gambrel(?) sides, not the upper part...my mistake.

          I'll do a search of jerkinhead gambrel to see if I get any hits.

          Thanks,

          Tracy

          1. BruceM16 | May 20, 2002 06:45pm | #17

            Tracy

            I would tend to favor a colonial revival, depending on usable third floor space. Definite architectual design material.

            A point of logistics though....often those third floor attic spaces did not have adequate floor joists to support live loading, and thus require sistering beefier joists or other structural strategies...but my point is that getting those long structural members up there will be a whole lot easier with the roof off. Another logistical consideration....don't know what the weather forcasts are for the St. Louis area, but I think my first priority would be a temporary roof cover while I'm researching/contemplating a roof architectual style.

            BruceM

          2. Chione5 | May 20, 2002 07:29pm | #18

            Bruce,

            Thanks for the advice.  Are you favoring Colonial Revival for the current style of the home, or for the future style?

            I had similar thoughts regarding the floor/ceiling joist, that's why I didn't know if the entire floor was usable.

            I have been in the home just over a year.  We are just now financially able to start the renovation/remodeling process.  There is roofing material over the home, so leaks are at a minimum.  Do you suggest still putting something over the roof?  If yes, what?  I don't know the proper covering (tarp?) to protect the roof. 

            Thanks,

            Tracy

            Edited 5/20/2002 12:34:10 PM ET by Tracy

          3. Don | May 21, 2002 06:32am | #19

            Tracy:  I mean a FULL hip of the gambrel - lower and upper slopes.   My carpenter about birthed a full-grown steer, horns & all, when he saw that.  We have a dormer in the end and two dormers on each side.  On a 24X40 ft base, we have lost only 3 ft all the way around from the slope of the lower roof section.

            As I see your house, it is square - hence if you did this treatment to the roof, it would be two pyramids stacked on the top of your house.  The lower-sloped pyramid would truncate the steeper sloped pyramid about 8 ft up from the eaves.  Look really neat.

            Sorry I can't attach a photo - I haven't figured out how to get pictures out of my digital camera yet.

            DonThe GlassMasterworks - If it scratches, I etch it!

          4. Chione5 | May 21, 2002 05:38pm | #20

            Don,

            I rarely laugh out loud, but I did upon reading your comments about  your carpenter!!  I agree, the roof is SHOCKING to say the least!! 

            I had satellite service installed yesterday and I was sooooo afraid of the installers walking on the roof...thought it might cave in.  Oddly enough, it was very sturdy (their comments).

            I really wish I could see the type of roof you are referring to.  I should be able to give the description to a carpenter and he/she should be able to decipher the look that you are speaking of.

            Tracy

            Edited 5/21/2002 12:37:42 PM ET by Tracy

          5. Don | May 22, 2002 05:20am | #27

            Tracy:  The photo of the Bent Pyramid is right on for what it would look like.  You can make the angles of the roof anything you want.  Make the top section flat, and you have a Mansard.  If you don't want to see the top section from the street, calculate what that angle should be and go for it.  If it is framed correctly, it consists of two right triangles standing on their short side and an isosceles triangle sitting atop the other two triangles.  The secret is to make the side triangles stiff enough and anchored well enough  to the floor system that the ridge joint between the two roof surfaces sees minimum moment.  My carp managed to do it.  You really need I joists spanning the entire ceiling w/ the top roof section rafters anchored very well to the joist ends.  That keeps the top roof section from transmitting horizontal thrust to the top vertices of the two isosceles triangles.

            Hope that helps, rather than confuses.

            DonThe GlassMasterworks - If it scratches, I etch it!

          6. Piffin | May 31, 2002 05:38am | #28

            Thgis sort of four sided gambrel sounds like a mansard roofed italienete to me. Try a search for that phrase to see pictures.Excellence is its own reward!

          7. tjcarcht | May 31, 2002 07:01pm | #29

            Try a search for that phrase to see pictures

            Or go to Burger King and look at a burger box!T. Jeffery Clarke

            Quidvis Recte Factum Quamvis Humile Praeclarum

          8. Piffin | Jun 01, 2002 01:37am | #30

            OK Jeff, what am I missing today?

            Excellence is its own reward!

          9. Chione5 | Jun 03, 2002 04:10pm | #31

            That's pretty much what I thought, as well.  I have seen an Mansard roof on an Italianate home and it looked very attractive.

            Now, to ornament my rather plain home in the Italianate style without overwhelming the very simple detailing.  Though female, I'm not very fond of the very 'curly-cue' look of some Victorian (Italianate) homes.  Additionally, the home has a very colonial revival interior....large center hall, grand stair case, palladian style window at stair landing, etc.

            Any suggestions?

          10. Piffin | Jun 04, 2002 04:30am | #32

            Three ways to decorate;

            Shape

            Detail

            Colour

            You know your shape now.

            Pick details from books and stock materials according to taste and budget or buy an architect and turn him loose.

            colour can be the least expensive way of detailing and decorating. One of the leading interior design firms in the world, Colfax and Fowler of London, got its start in the post WW2 days when materials and cash were in dreadfully short supply. They focused primarily on colours for accent and fabrics for depth. Both were available and affordable.

            Nowadays, some foam architectural trims can be very afforable and a good painter's wages can strip the finish off your checkbook faster than fish stink so colour is not always the cheapest way to go.

            Your home, your money, your decision, and most important - your satisfaction! Have fun.

            Excellence is its own reward!

          11. Chione5 | Jun 04, 2002 06:23pm | #33

            I was a bit unclear in posing my previous question...I really meant how to ornament the exterior of my home in a conservative, yet attractive Italianate fashion. 

            The interior is the least of my concerns at this time due to the amount of remodeling work that needs to be completed.  My taste has already changed several times over just from searching for products!!  The inside can wait.

            Any suggestions on how to ornament the exterior?  Thanks!

            Tracy

          12. Piffin | Jun 05, 2002 04:59am | #34

            I understood.

            Same principles apply.

            Now hit the books.Excellence is its own reward!

          13. User avater
            JeffBuck | Jun 05, 2002 07:42am | #35

            I'm thinking these guys are trying to dress up what was never there. From the pics.....I'd guess simple hip with a coupla dormers. Could be wrong. A quick drive thru the neighborhood or around town would tell ya what was there by looking at similar houses.

            A close look at the framing that's left would give clues also.....as would a string line following the rafter tails that were left.

            You need a framer.......not a roofer....but a remodeling contractor that does their own roof framing would be the ideal. Find someone that works on older homes.

            You are now trying to build a complete roof system.......ie the framer....but it has to tie in to the ancient existing house/framing...ir the remodeler.

            Your run of the mill framing contractor woundn't be able to handle this if all they did was new const. framing.

            MY first stop would be a good designer/architect. Best for you might be a design/build firm. Or......a qualified remodeler that can frame and has eaten alot of old attic dust over the years.....like me!

            I have friends in St Louis that'd put me up!

            other than that......make some calls and see who seems to have a good handle on making it all look like it was always there. Jeff

                                         "That's like hypnotizing chickens........."

                                                              

            Edited 6/5/2002 12:43:38 AM ET by Jeff J. Buck

          14. tjcarcht | Jun 05, 2002 06:15pm | #36

            Jeff - you're right - because it is not an Italianate house.T. Jeffery Clarke

            Quidvis Recte Factum Quamvis Humile Praeclarum

          15. Chione5 | Jun 05, 2002 06:28pm | #37

            I agree that the house is not Italianate, but I haven't a clue as to what it is.  The house next to mine is similar in styling (large square home/center hall) and has a Mansard roof, but a small portico(?) porch.

            I decided that if that home looked good with a Mansard roof, maybe mine would too...given that I am having difficulty placing the style of architecture. 

            Folks have suggested styles that range from colonial revival to Italianate, to classical revival, to american foursquare...none of which seems to exactly 'fit' the style of my home. 

            Maybe the actual 'style' is absent from my hone and I have to create my own style, hence the Italianate suggestion to accompany the type of roof that will give me the most livable space on the third floor...Mansard.

            Tracy

          16. tjcarcht | Jun 05, 2002 07:16pm | #38

            Tracy - Does this help put things in perspective?T. Jeffery Clarke

            Quidvis Recte Factum Quamvis Humile Praeclarum

          17. Chione5 | Jun 05, 2002 08:01pm | #39

            Thanks Jeff,

            You wouldn't believe how many of these very interesting sites I have visited over the past year. 

            Yes, they help tremendously, but only to confuse me further (smiles)!  There are several styles that my home resemble (with my novice eyes, that is)  I'm sure that a professional could identify the style (if there is one) in a heartbeat.

            I will gladly review the site that you have provided me with.  They are usually very iteresting.  Thanks again,

            Tracy

          18. tjcarcht | Jun 05, 2002 10:18pm | #40

            Uh, some of us here ARE professionals ;o)T. Jeffery Clarke

            Quidvis Recte Factum Quamvis Humile Praeclarum

          19. User avater
            JeffBuck | Jun 06, 2002 12:15am | #41

            fewer every day! Jeff                             "That's like hypnotizing chickens........."

                                                              

          20. Snort | Jun 06, 2002 01:14am | #42

            I am probably wondering two very obvious things, but then that's what I've always had a keen grasp of...have you canvased the neighborhood for pics of the original house? and could the reason the roof feels so sturdy be because it's on the original third floor joists?

            I see a mansard roof, too, but I also hung out with Ken Kesey...

          21. Chione5 | Jun 07, 2002 06:53pm | #44

            Yes, I have canvassed the neighborhood for photos, but no one has any.  Neighbors suggest that the roof was similar to the two homes next to mine (mansard/Italianate), but the pieces remaining on the four comers of my roof suggest Hipped.....and nothing else on my home suggest Italianate.

            At this point, I want to go for Mansard just to get the most of the third floor living area, but as someone suggested waaaaay back in this thread, a gambrel will also give me the same effect, but the flavor of the home would certainly be more dutch colonial revival, which would suit me just fine, too.  I just need some direction!!

            The roof is so lumpy, it's no telling who/what the heck the roof is sitting on!

            Tracy

          22. Chione5 | Jun 07, 2002 06:44pm | #43

            Jeff,

            No insult intended, really! I am not a professional in the area of historic architecture (or any form of architecture, for that matter) hence my desire not to continue to do the 'searching' on my own, but to secure the services of a qualified professional who can tell me the various 'styles' featured in my home...for me to consider the recommendations and to move forward in an informed manner.  I have searched on my own for over a year, and am no closer to an answer.

            I have gotten several 'opinions' (unpaid) from professionals that are as varied as the homes on the site that you referred to me. ..including some one from our local Heritage and Urban Design Office who took time to visit my home and make suggestions (surprise!, colonial revival).  But, other professionals have suggested Italianate, American Foursquare, et. al. 

            I'm just a bit overwhelmed, as a novice, and would like to get as definitive of an answer as possible....that's why I must pay for these services.

            I truly respect the information given to me on this site, and would in no way want to insult the very fine artisans who freely offer up their opinions.

            Tracy

          23. tjcarcht | Jun 07, 2002 06:54pm | #45

            I was simply trying to point out that you got your answer, for free, from a professional qualified in the area of historic architecture - American Foursquare with classical revival/colonial revival elements.T. Jeffery Clarke

            Quidvis Recte Factum Quamvis Humile Praeclarum

          24. Chione5 | Jun 07, 2002 06:58pm | #46

            Ah Ha!!! Eureka! Hallelujah!  Thank You!!

            Tracy

          25. tjcarcht | Jun 07, 2002 07:05pm | #47

            However, if you MUST send a check .....T. Jeffery Clarke

            Quidvis Recte Factum Quamvis Humile Praeclarum

          26. JohnSprung | May 21, 2002 09:02pm | #21

            The kind of truncated pyramid you're talking about has been done before.  It looks something like this:

            http://www.crystalinks.com/bentpyr.html

            -- J.S.

          27. Chione5 | May 21, 2002 10:47pm | #22

            John,

            That looks beautiful, but I don't think it would look good as a roof on my home.  Can't picture it as a roof.  Looks too oblique.

            Tracy

          28. JohnSprung | May 21, 2002 11:34pm | #24

            Of course you'd want a steeper pitch on the lower slope and less steep on the upper.  A little way down that page there's a black and white line drawing.

            -- J.S.

          29. Chione5 | May 22, 2002 12:01am | #25

            John,

            Excuse my lack of roofing knowledge.  Would I see the upper-most pyramid from the street?

            Tracy

          30. JohnSprung | May 22, 2002 02:09am | #26

            Tracy --  It could probably be done either way.  Your house appears from the photo to be a little bit uphill from the street.  If it's on top of a big hill, it might not be practical to make the upper part visible, but if you don't want to see it, that can probably be done more easily.  We'd need some measurements to be able to determine the slope of the sight lines from the street.

            -- J.S.

          31. Chione5 | May 21, 2002 10:54pm | #23

            Don,

            Would I see the second upper-most pyramid from the street?  Or would it be invisible from the street, but providing  a slope to displace water?  If only you could see the monstrosity that I have drawn on paper!!

            Tracy

Log in or create an account to post a comment.

Sign up Log in

Become a member and get full access to FineHomebuilding.com

Video Shorts

Categories

  • Business
  • Code Questions
  • Construction Techniques
  • Energy, Heating & Insulation
  • General Discussion
  • Help/Work Wanted
  • Photo Gallery
  • Reader Classified
  • Tools for Home Building

Discussion Forum

Recent Posts and Replies

  • |
  • |
  • |
  • |
  • |
  • |
View More Create Post

Up Next

Video Shorts

Featured Story

Eichlers Get an Upgrade

Performance improvements for the prized homes of an influential developer who wanted us all to be able to own one.

Featured Video

Micro-Adjust Deck-Baluster Spacing for an Eye-Deceiving Layout

No math, no measuring—just a simple jig made from an elastic band is all you need to lay out a good-looking deck railing.

Related Stories

  • Podcast Episode 690: Sharpening, Wires Behind Baseboard, and Fixing Shingle Panels
  • FHB Podcast Segment: Hand Tool Sharpening Tips
  • Old House Air-Sealing Basics
  • A Drip-Free, Through-Window Heat Pump

Highlights

Fine Homebuilding All Access
Fine Homebuilding Podcast
Tool Tech
Plus, get an extra 20% off with code GIFT20

"I have learned so much thanks to the searchable articles on the FHB website. I can confidently say that I expect to be a life-long subscriber." - M.K.

Get home building tips, offers, and expert advice in your inbox

Signing you up...

This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
See all newsletters
See all newsletters

Fine Homebuilding Magazine

  • Issue 332 - July 2025
    • Custom Built-ins With Job-Site Tools
    • Fight House Fires Through Design
    • Making the Move to Multifamily
  • Issue 331 - June 2025
    • A More Resilient Roof
    • Tool Test: You Need a Drywall Sander
    • Ducted vs. Ductless Heat Pumps
  • Issue 330 - April/May 2025
    • Deck Details for Durability
    • FAQs on HPWHs
    • 10 Tips for a Long-Lasting Paint Job
  • Old House Journal – August 2025
    • Designing the Perfect Garden Gate
    • Old House Air-Sealing Basics
  • Issue 329 - Feb/Mar 2025
    • Smart Foundation for a Small Addition
    • A Kominka Comes West
    • Making Small Kitchens Work

Fine Home Building

Newsletter Sign-up

  • Fine Homebuilding

    Home building tips, offers, and expert advice in your inbox.

  • Green Building Advisor

    Building science and energy efficiency advice, plus special offers, in your inbox.

  • Old House Journal

    Repair, renovation, and restoration tips, plus special offers, in your inbox.

Signing you up...

This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
See all newsletters

Follow

  • Fine Homebuilding

    Dig into cutting-edge approaches and decades of proven solutions with total access to our experts and tradespeople.

    Start Free Trial Now
    • Facebook
    • Instagram
    • X
    • LinkedIn
  • GBA Prime

    Get instant access to the latest developments in green building, research, and reports from the field.

    Start Free Trial Now
    • Facebook
    • YouTube
  • Old House Journal

    Learn how to restore, repair, update, and decorate your home.

    Subscribe Now
    • Facebook
    • Instagram
    • X
  • Fine Homebuilding

    Dig into cutting-edge approaches and decades of proven solutions with total access to our experts and tradespeople.

    Start Free Trial Now
    • Facebook
    • Instagram
    • X
    • LinkedIn
  • GBA Prime

    Get instant access to the latest developments in green building, research, and reports from the field.

    Start Free Trial Now
    • Facebook
    • YouTube
  • Old House Journal

    Learn how to restore, repair, update, and decorate your home.

    Subscribe Now
    • Facebook
    • Instagram
    • X

Membership & Magazine

  • Online Archive
  • Start Free Trial
  • Magazine Subscription
  • Magazine Renewal
  • Gift a Subscription
  • Customer Support
  • Privacy Preferences
  • About
  • Contact
  • Advertise
  • Careers
  • Terms of Use
  • Site Map
  • Do not sell or share my information
  • Privacy Policy
  • Accessibility
  • California Privacy Rights

© 2025 Active Interest Media. All rights reserved.

Fine Homebuilding receives a commission for items purchased through links on this site, including Amazon Associates and other affiliate advertising programs.

  • Home Group
  • Antique Trader
  • Arts & Crafts Homes
  • Bank Note Reporter
  • Cabin Life
  • Cuisine at Home
  • Fine Gardening
  • Fine Woodworking
  • Green Building Advisor
  • Garden Gate
  • Horticulture
  • Keep Craft Alive
  • Log Home Living
  • Military Trader/Vehicles
  • Numismatic News
  • Numismaster
  • Old Cars Weekly
  • Old House Journal
  • Period Homes
  • Popular Woodworking
  • Script
  • ShopNotes
  • Sports Collectors Digest
  • Threads
  • Timber Home Living
  • Traditional Building
  • Woodsmith
  • World Coin News
  • Writer's Digest
Active Interest Media logo
X
X
This is a dialog window which overlays the main content of the page. The modal window is a 'site map' of the most critical areas of the site. Pressing the Escape (ESC) button will close the modal and bring you back to where you were on the page.

Main Menu

  • How-To
  • Design
  • Tools & Materials
  • Video
  • Blogs
  • Forum
  • Project Guides
  • Reader Projects
  • Magazine
  • Members
  • FHB House

Podcasts

  • FHB Podcast
  • ProTalk

Webinars

  • Upcoming and On-Demand

Podcasts

  • FHB Podcast
  • ProTalk

Webinars

  • Upcoming and On-Demand

Popular Topics

  • Kitchens
  • Business
  • Bedrooms
  • Roofs
  • Architecture and Design
  • Green Building
  • Decks
  • Framing
  • Safety
  • Remodeling
  • Bathrooms
  • Windows
  • Tilework
  • Ceilings
  • HVAC

Magazine

  • Current Issue
  • Past Issues
  • Magazine Index
  • Subscribe
  • Online Archive
  • Author Guidelines

All Access

  • Member Home
  • Start Free Trial
  • Gift Membership

Online Learning

  • Courses
  • Project Guides
  • Reader Projects
  • Podcast

More

  • FHB Ambassadors
  • FHB House
  • Customer Support

Account

  • Log In
  • Join

Newsletter

Get home building tips, offers, and expert advice in your inbox

Signing you up...

This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
See all newsletters
See all newsletters

Follow

  • X
  • YouTube
  • instagram
  • facebook
  • pinterest
  • Tiktok

Join All Access

Become a member and get instant access to thousands of videos, how-tos, tool reviews, and design features.

Start Your Free Trial

Subscribe

FHB Magazine

Start your subscription today and save up to 70%

Subscribe

Enjoy unlimited access to Fine Homebuilding. Join Now

Already a member? Log in

We hope you’ve enjoyed your free articles. To keep reading, become a member today.

Get complete site access to expert advice, how-to videos, Code Check, and more, plus the print magazine.

Start your FREE trial

Already a member? Log in

Privacy Policy Update

We use cookies, pixels, script and other tracking technologies to analyze and improve our service, to improve and personalize content, and for advertising to you. We also share information about your use of our site with third-party social media, advertising and analytics partners. You can view our Privacy Policy here and our Terms of Use here.

Cookies

Analytics

These cookies help us track site metrics to improve our sites and provide a better user experience.

Advertising/Social Media

These cookies are used to serve advertisements aligned with your interests.

Essential

These cookies are required to provide basic functions like page navigation and access to secure areas of the website.

Delete My Data

Delete all cookies and associated data