We uncovered this sub-amateur masonry job during a whole-house remodel. We were planning only to re-top the chimney due to failing mortar. What’s amazing is this stood for about 20 years before we got there. The worst of the masonry was, we guessed, far enough above the furnace so it never got hot enough to burn. The old chimney top was 16″ x 56″ and laid right on top of this nest of rafters and rubble.
This house had a fire its first winter, in the basement where the main carrying timber ran through the chimney and touched a wood stove flue. All fixed now.